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M. P. WILKINS. LOCK WASHER MACHINE.A No. 470,342. Patented'Mar. 8, 1892.

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M. P. WILKINS. LOCK WASHER MACHINE. No. 470,342. Patented Mar. s. 1892.

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M. P. WILKINS. LOCK WASHER MACHINE..

No.' 470,342.) Patented Mar'. 8., 1892.

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M. P. WILKINS. LOCK WASHER MAGHINB. No. 470,342. Patented Mar. 8, 1892. l

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MONROE P. VILKINS, OF NEWT` YORK, N. Y.

LOCK-WASHER MACHINE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 470,342, dated March 8, 1892.

Application filed June 2, 1891. Serial, No. 394,894. (No model.)

lock-washer machines in which the bar or rod of material to form the washer is fed, bent into a circular spiral shape, its ends spread and notched, and the completed washer severed from the bar or rod, the several operations-being so timed as to render the making of successive washers automatic and the process continuous.

A practical embodiment of my invention is represented in the accompanying drawings, in which- Figure 1 is a top plan view of the machine. Fig. 2 is a section through line fr of Fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is a section through line y y of Fig. 1.

Fig. 4. is a section through line a .a of Fig. 1, certain of the parts being omitted to show others more clearly. Figs. 5, 6, and 7 repres eut, upon an enlarged scale in detail, three successive stages in the operation-namely, first, the position of the bar, the anvil, the roller, the die, and the plunger at the completion of the feed; secondly, the position of these parts when the bar to form the washer is partially bent, and, thirdly, the position of these parts when the washer is completed and is about to be severed from the bar. Fig. 8 represents aview in detail of the end of the former around which the washer is bent. Fig. 9 represents a view in detail of the upper end of the anvil on which the washer is bent. Fig. 10 represents a view in detail in section of the ends of the die and plunger. Fig. 11 represents an end view of the die; and Figs. 12, 13, and 14 represent views of the completed washer in side elevation, edge elevation, and transverse section, respectively.' Considering the several parts of the machine with reference to the order of the several steps in the operation of making the washer, l shall find it convenient to describe first the feedmechanismand then the bending, the spreading, and notching of the ends,

and the severing mechanism yin the order named. l

A represents the bed-frame of the m'achlne a band-pulley h for the connection therewithof a belt leading to a source of power. (Not shown.) The drive-pulley b is here represented as of large size and serves the purpose of a balance-wheel. The drive-shaft B has fixed thereon a bevel-faced gearwheel b',

which intermeshes with a corresponding bevel-faced gear-wheel c, iiXed on a shaft C, extending transverse to the drive-shaft B. The

shaft C has fixed thereon the crank-wheel c',

the wrist-pin c2 of which is connected by a rod c8 with a vibrating arm c4, loosely mounted upon the shaft d of the lower feed-roll D. The lower feed-roll D has fixed to rotate therewith a ratchet-wheel CZ', the teeth of which are in position to be engaged by pawls c5, carried by the vibrating arm c4. When the arm ciE is swung in one direction, the pawls c5 carried thereby will move freely over the teeth on the ratchet-wheel d; but when vibrated in the opposite direction the said pawls will engage the teeth on the ratchet-wheel and will causev it, and hence the roll D fixed thereto, to be rotated in a direction to feed the rod or bar of material forward to be formed into a washer. The arm c4 is provided with an elongated slot c6, within which the endvof the connecting-rod c3 is secured by means of a binding-screw c?, so that the throw of the vibrating arm c4L may be increased or diminished at pleasure to regulate the length of feed.

In the position shown in Fig. 2 the main drive-shaft B is supposed to have completed the first half of its revolution, and the bar a of material to be operated upon has been during such half-revolution fed forwardly over the anvil between the lower feed-roll D and the upper corresponding roll D.

The anvil is represented by E, and is provided at its upper end with a gradually-inclined seat leading from a lowermost point e around the face and terminating at a point e above the starting-point e, forming between the two points e e an abutment e2, as clearly shown in Fig. 9. As the bar is fed forward it rests on the inclined end of the anvil at the point e in proximity to the abutment e2. At the moment the feed has ceased there rests in Vthe abutment e2 on the anvil.

of the roller g4 is intended to rest on the facey The sleeve g has fixed placement.

contact with or in proximity to the inclined end of the anvila former F, the end of which is provided with a notched incline Jiadapted to seat centrally on the inclined end of the anvil and abut against the ledge formed on the anvil by the inclination. The former F consists in the present instance vof the reduced end of a vertically-reciprocating rod f', which has a movement toward and away from the end of the anvil at predetermined intervals, as will be hereinafter more particularly described.

A standard or bracket G is fixed to the bedframe A, and is provided with arms g, in the ends of which there are bearings for the reception of a vertically-reciprocatin g sleeve or hollow shaft g. To the lower end of said sleeve g there is Secured an arm g2, (see Fig. 4,) which in the present instance consists of a pair of spring-jaws clamped to the sleeve by means of a bolt g3. The arm g2 carries a shaft or axle, upon which a roller g4 is loosely mounted in such position that its face will bear against the side of the bar e opposite The lower side or end of the anvil E. to rotate therewith a bevel-faced pinion g5,

.the said pinion being secured on the sleeve intermediate between thev arms g of the standard or bracket G and being held by the adjacent faces of said arms against vertical dis- The connection of the pinion g5 with the sleeve g may be of the well-known feather and groove description, so that, while the pinion is fixed to rotate together with the sleeve, the sleeve will be allowed to slide vertically independently of the pinion. ment-gear h is secured to a rock-shaft H, mounted in suitable standards G on the main frame, so as to engage the bevel-faced pinion g5 on the sleeve g. The shaft I-I is provided with a crank h', the latter being connected by a rod h2 with a crank-wheel h3, secured on the shaft C. The connectionof the rod h2 with the crank h is such that the throw of present instance by providing the crank 71.v

with an elongated slot h4 (see Fig. 2) and connecting the rod h2 by means of a bindingscrew of well-known or suitable construction extending through the slot. As the main shaft B performs the second half of its revolution it will swing the crank z, and hence the gear h, in the direction to rotate the sleeve g', and thereby carry the roller g4 in a circular path around the center of the anvil E. As the said roller g4 rests on the inclined end of the anvil it will be caused to ride along up the said inclined surface, and as its adjustment is such as to leave between its face and the former F the thickness of the bar d it will bend the said bar a, around the former F, as indicated in Figs. 5, 6, and 7. The stroke of the gear h is such that it will carry the roller g4 one complete revolution and an ad- A segditional quarter-revolution (more or less) to the position shown, for example, in Fig. 7, the position shown in Fig. 5 being taken as the starting-point.

In order that the sleeve g', carrying the forming-roller, may be held suspended after having completed its stroke and during the subsequent feeding of the bar, I provide the upper end of the sleeve with an annular groove g, which when the sleeve is elevated will be in position to receive the forked end gT of a vibrating angle-lever g8, operated through a connectingrod Q9 and a rising and falling bar g10 by means of a cam g, fixed on the main shaft B. The rising and falling arm g10 is pivoted at one end to the bed-frame A and rests intermediate of its ends upon the rotary cam g, so .that when the eccentric portion of the cam comes into engagement with itit will lift the arm g10 and thereby rock the anglelever g8, so as to throw the arms g7 into engagement with the sleevein theannular groove g. The cam g11 is so arranged with reference to the rotation of the main shaft that it will throw the lever g8 into engagement to hold the sleeve suspended just as the formingroller has completed its rotary movement and has completed the curve of the washer. The said cam g11 will hold the sleeve and formingroller suspended'during the return stroke of the gear h, and hence will carry the formingroller over the bar a as it is being fed during the first half of the revolution of the main shaft. It will be observed that the spiral form is given to the washer at the same time that it is being bent into circular form by means of the inclined end of the anvil on which it rests while being wound.

While the operation of bending has been going on the operation of spreading and notching the ends of the washer has also been taking place, as follows: At a point back from the anvil a distance equal to the length of bar or rod a required for a washer there is located a die I, in the face of which there is a groove z', corresponding to the -size of the bar a, of material from which the washers are to be made. At the central portion of the groove 0I there is a raised portion fi', making the groove at this point shallower than are the portions upon either s ide of it, and there are also formed in the opposite walls of the shallow portions of the groove notches 2, those upon one side having a slant in one direction and those upon the opposite side in the opposite direction. Opposite the face of the die I there is located a plunger K, which is operated by means of a toggle -lever k 7c', the said toggle-lever being itself operated by means of an` eccentric k2, fixed on the main shaft B and connected with the toggie-lever by a suitable rod and strap 7c3. As the bara rests in the recess 'L' during the bending operation, the eccentric k2 upon the main shaft operates the toggle-lever la k and throws the plunger K toward the face of the die I, thereby forcing the rod or bar of mate- IIO '.inafter explained, forms the spread notched ends of the washer.

The raised central and notched portion of the die is preferably formed with its notched walls i2, gradually flaring from the bottom toward the top, thereby giving the spread notched ends of the completed washer Haring-shaped sides. The rod or bar after having been crushed within the recess il within the die will in practice spring out of the recess when the plunger recedes, so as to allow the bar to be freely fed forward. Should there, however, be any trouble from the bar clinging to the recess, it may be readily obviated by means of a spring of any wellknown form connected with the die in position to force the bar out. J ust before the second half-revolution of the main shaft iscompleted the cutter Lis forced forward and cuts the bent washer from the bar at a point intei-mediate of the spread and notched portion. This is accomplished as follows: An eccentric Z on the main shaft (see Fig. 4) is connected by means of a suitable strap and rod l with one arm of an angle-lever Z2 fixed upon a rock-shaft M, another arm of said angle-lever being connected with a toggle-lever is# by a link Z5, the arm i3 of the toggle-lever being connected with the sliding cutter-holder Z. The cutter L as it advances toward the material to be cnt forces the said materialV against the inner edge of the abutment e2 on the anvil, and thereby shears it off and at the same time pushes the severed washer itself across the top of the anvil, so that it falls ont of the way as soon as the cut is completed.

It is desirable that the formerli` should be removed from its central position in engagement with the end of the anvil at the moment the cutting operation begins to take place. To this end the rod f', hereinbefore referred to, is allowed a vertically-sliding movement within the sleeve g', andis lifted out of position within the bent washer at the proper moment by means of a linger N, fixed on the rock-shaft M, the free end of which works within an elongated loop n at the lower end of an operating-rod 'n'. The upper end of said rod n is connected with one arm of an operating-lever 0, the other arm of said lever being connected with the upper end of the vertically-sliding bar or rod f,.the lower end of which constitutes the former F. The finger N has lost motion within the loop n, so that while the bending operation is taking place and the cutter L is advancing toward its work the ng'er N will be traveling along down the loop n; but just before the cutter L engages the washer the linger N will have reached the lower end of the loop n and will have depressed the operating-rod -n and thereby, through the lever O, have lifted the former F out of its engagement with the end of the anvil to allow the cutter t0 sever and remove the washer. After this has been done and the bar is .being fed forward under the first half of the revolution of the main shaft the finger N will be again lifted and will thereby positively rock the-lever O in a direction to again seat the former F on the end of the anvil, ready for the bending operation, which follows immediately upon the completion of the feed.

The several operations have been so fully set forth in connection with the mechanisms for carrying them into effect that it is not. necessary to repeat them at length.`

The operation of the whole may be stated, in short, as follows: The rst half of the revolution of the main shaft advances the material to form the washer over the end of the anvil in position to be bent. The former is now in central position upon the end of the anvil, and at the beginning ofthe second halfrevolution of the main shaft the formingroller begins its travel in con tact with the bar of material to form the washer, bending it around the former and itself riding along up the incline, and, finally, as the bend is comn pleted, being held suspended. until itis again returned to its 'position to operate upon the next washer. While the bending has been taking place the die and plunger have been spreading and notching the'adjacent ends of the next two succeeding washers, and just before the second half-revolution of the main shaft is completed the former is removed from within the washer and the cutter advances and severs and removes the completed washer, itself being returned past the end ofthe material to be fedin time for the'feeding 1nove ment of the bar.

It is obvious that slight changes mightbe resorted to in the construction and arrangement of the several parts described without departing from the spirit and scope of my invention. Hence l do not wish to limitmy. self strict-ly to the construction herein set forth; but

l. The combination, with an inclined seat for supporting the bar or rod to be bent, of a bending device having a circuitous movement along the side of the material to be bent, substantially as set forth.

2. The combination, with an inclined seat for supporting the bar or rod to be bent, of a bending device having both a circuitous movement and a movement lateral to its circuitous path along the side of the material to be bent,

lsubstantially as set forth.

IOO

IIO

spect to the spiral seat on the anvil and a forming-roller having a movement around the former and a yielding movement to accommo date itself to the inclination of the spiral seat, the said roller having abearing on the spiral seat, substantially as set forth.

5. The combination, with the anvil and the bending mechanism, of a former having a movement toward and away from the face of the anvil and means for operatin g the former, substantially as set forth.

6. The combination, with the anvil and the former, of the bending device having a movement around the former and return and means for holding the bending device suspended during its return movement, substantially as set forth.

7. The combination, with the anvil 4and means for feeding the bar or rod across the face of the anvil, of a hollow longitudinallymovable sleeve or shaft, a bending device carried by the hollow sleeve or shaft, a former having a reciprocating movement within the hollow sleeve or shaft, a pinion secured to rotate with the hollow sleeve or shaft, and reciprocating gear adapted to engage the pinion to rotate the sleeve or shaft, substantially as setforth.

8. The combination, with the anvil having an abutment on its face and means for feeding the rod or bar across the face of the anvil, of a cutter having a movement toward and away from the edge of the abutment on the anvil and means for operating the cutter at predetermined intervals, substantially as set forth.

9. The combination, with the anvil, the drive-shaft, the former, the bending device, and connections between the drive-shaft and the former and bending device, of a cutter and means for operating it, the said cutter being,r timed with respect to the former and bending device, so as to engage the material on the anvil after the bending is completed and the former removed, substantially as set forth.

l0. The combination, with the anvil andthe bending device, of a die and plunger adapted' to engage the rod or bar being operated upon While the latter is in position to be bent, substantially as set forth.

ll. The combination, with the anvil and main drive-shaft, of the feed mechanism, the bending mechanism, and the end swaging mechanism, the feed mechanism being operated during a part of the revolution of the drive-shaft and the bending and swaging mechanisms being operated during a subsequent part of the rotation Aof the drive-shaft, substantially as set forth.

l2. The combination` With the cutter and the drive-shaft, of a toggle-lever connected with the cutter, an eccentric on the main shaft, and a connection between the eccentric and toggle-lever for operating the latter, substantially as set forth.

13. The combination, with the cutter, the anvil, the former, and the drive-shaft, of a toggle-lever connected with the cutter, a lever connected with the former, a rock-shaft, an angle-lever on the rock-shaft connected with the drive-shaft and with the toggle-lever, and an operating-finger carried by the rock-shaft and havingaloose connection with the formeroperating lever, substantially as set forth.

14. The combination, with the anvil, the

die, and the f eed mechanism, of a cutter and a plunger located, respectively, opposite the anvil and the die, toggle-levers connected with the cutter and the plunger, one with each, and means for operating the toggle-levers, substantially as set forth.

yMONROE P. XVILKINS.

Witnesses:

FREDK. HAYNES, o FRED C. FISCHER. 

